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The thermal control subsystem can be composed of both passive and active items and works in two ways: Protects the equipment from overheating, either by thermal insulation from external heat fluxes (such as the Sun or the planetary infrared and albedo flux), or by proper heat removal from internal sources (such as the heat emitted by the internal electronic equipment).
Satellite Thermal Control Handbook, ed. David Gilmore. ISBN 1-884989-00-4. In particular, Chapter 5, Insulation, by Martin Donabedian and David Gilmore. Tutorial on temperature control of spacecraft by JPL "Cassini dons its thermal cloak" (Press release). NASA JPL. 1997-01-03. Archived from the original on 2007-09-04
An optical solar reflector (OSR) is a component of a vehicle or machine designed to fly in outer space. The reflector consists of a top layer made out of quartz, over a reflecting layer made of metal. OSRs are used for radiators on spacecraft. The quartz outer layer lets the solar light through which reflects on the metal layer.
A thermal protection system, or TPS, is the barrier that protects a spacecraft during the searing heat of atmospheric reentry. Multiple approaches for the thermal protection of spacecraft are in use, among them ablative heat shields, passive cooling, and active cooling of spacecraft surfaces.
The spacecraft bus must structurally support the 6.5 ton space telescope, while weighing only 350 kg (770 lb). [5] It is made primarily of graphite composite material. [ 5 ] It was assembled by Northrop Grumman in Redondo Beach, California by 2015, and then it had to be integrated with the rest of the space telescope leading up to its planned ...
Control engineering – or control systems engineering, is an engineering discipline that applies automatic control theory to design systems with desired behaviors in control environments. [48] The discipline of controls overlaps and is usually taught along with electrical engineering at many institutions around the world. [48] Controllability –
Control theory for the design of the attitude and orbit control subsystem, which points the spacecraft correctly, and maintains or changes the orbit according to the mission profile; the hardware used for actuation and sensing in space is usually very specific to spacecraft, Thermal engineering for the design of the thermal control subsystem ...
The EATCS is capable of rejecting up to 70 kW, and provides a substantial upgrade in heat rejection capacity from the 14 kW capability of the Early External Active Thermal Control System (EEATCS) via the Early Ammonia Servicer (EAS), which was launched on STS-105 and installed onto the P6 Truss. [1]