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In the covalent bond classification method, κ 1-carbonate is anX ligand and κ 2-carbonate is an X 2 ligand. With two metals, the number of bonding modes increases because carbonate often serves as a bridging ligand. It can span metal-metal bonds as in [Ru 2 (CO 3) 4 Cl 2] 5-, where again it functions as an (X) 2 ligand.
In coordination chemistry, a ligand [a] is an ion or molecule with a functional group that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex. The bonding with the metal generally involves formal donation of one or more of the ligand's electron pairs , often through Lewis bases . [ 1 ]
The bent NO ligand is sometimes described as the anion, NO −. Prototypes for such compounds are the organic nitroso compounds, such as nitrosobenzene. A complex with a bent NO ligand is trans-[Co 2 (NO)Cl] +. The NO − is also common for alkali-metal or alkaline-earth metal-NO molecules. For example. LiNO and BeNO bear Li + NO − and Be ...
In this pathway, the alkyl ligand migrates to an adjacent CO ligand. This reaction is a step in the hydroformylation process. Coordinatively saturated metal carbonyls react with organolithium reagents to give acyls. This reaction proceeds by attack of the alkyl nucleophile on the electrophilic CO ligand.
The η 1-C 5 H 5 ligand in (η 5-C 5 H 5)Fe( η 1-C 5 H 5)(CO) 2 rearranges rapidly in solution such that Fe binds alternatingly to each carbon atom in the η 1-C 5 H 5 ligand. This reaction is degenerate and, in the jargon of organic chemistry, it is an example of a sigmatropic rearrangement.
An example of a dative covalent bond is provided by the interaction between a molecule of ammonia, a Lewis base with a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom, and boron trifluoride, a Lewis acid by virtue of the boron atom having an incomplete octet of electrons. In forming the adduct, the boron atom attains an octet configuration.
When given a metal complex and the trends for the ligand types, the complex can be written in a more simplified manner with the form [ML l X x Z z] Q±. The subscripts represent the numbers of each ligand type present in that complex, M is the metal center, and Q is the overall charge on the complex. Some examples of this overall notation are ...
In inorganic chemistry, the cis effect is defined as the labilization (or destabilization) of CO ligands that are cis to other ligands. CO is a well-known strong pi-accepting ligand in organometallic chemistry that will labilize in the cis position when adjacent to ligands due to steric and electronic effects.