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Latinos tend to have higher normal levels, followed by those of African heritage, Europeans, and Asians or Pacific Islanders tend to have the lowest baseline ALP levels (all groups assuming body mass index within normal weight range). [5] Men tend to have slightly higher normal ALP levels than women, [5] except during pregnancy.
This may also be called standard range. In contrast, optimal (health) range or therapeutic target is a reference range or limit that is based on concentrations or levels that are associated with optimal health or minimal risk of related complications and diseases. For most substances presented, the optimal levels are the ones normally found in ...
Average male height Average female height Stature ratio (male to female) Sample population / age range Share of pop. over 18 covered [9] [10] [b] Method Year Ref. Afghanistan: 168.2 cm (5 ft 6 in) 155.3 cm (5 ft 1 in) 1.08: 18–69 (N= m:1,979 f:1,687) 97.2%: Measured: 2018 [11] Albania: 176.6 cm (5 ft 9 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) 166.8 cm (5 ft 5 + 1 ⁄ 2 ...
The human skin is the outer covering of the body and is the largest organ of the integumentary system. The skin has up to seven layers of ectodermal tissue guarding muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organs. Human skin is similar to most of the other mammals' skin, and it is very similar to pig skin.
The enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP, alkaline phenyl phosphatase, also abbreviated PhoA) is a phosphatase with the physiological role of dephosphorylating compounds. The enzyme is found across a multitude of organisms, prokaryotes and eukaryotes alike, with the same general function, but in different structural forms suitable to the environment they function in. Alkaline phosphatase is found ...
The pelvis is, in general, different between the human female and male skeleton. [14] [15] Although variations exist and there may be a degree of overlap between typically male or female traits, [14] [15] the pelvis is the most dimorphic bone of the human skeleton and is therefore likely to be accurate when using it to ascertain a person's sex ...
Waist-to-height ratio: the average ratio for US college competitive swimmers is 0.424 (women) and 0.428 (men); the ratios for a (US) normally healthy man or woman is 0.46–0.53 and 0.45–0.49 respectively; the ratio ranges beyond 0.63 for morbidly obese individuals.
Mild elevation of ALP can be seen in liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, and congestive cardiac failure. Transient hyperphosphataemia is a benign condition in infants, and can reach normal level in 4 months. In contrast, low levels of ALP is found in hypothyroidism, pernicious anemia, zinc deficiency, and hypophosphatasia. [6]