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The factor ring of a maximal ideal is a simple ring in general and is a field for commutative rings. [12] Minimal ideal: A nonzero ideal is called minimal if it contains no other nonzero ideal. Zero ideal: the ideal {}. [13] Unit ideal: the whole ring (being the ideal generated by ). [9]
In mathematics, especially in the field of algebra, a polynomial ring or polynomial algebra is a ring formed from the set of polynomials in one or more indeterminates (traditionally also called variables) with coefficients in another ring, often a field.
In mathematics, rings are algebraic structures that generalize fields: multiplication need not be commutative and multiplicative inverses need not exist. Informally, a ring is a set equipped with two binary operations satisfying properties analogous to those of addition and multiplication of integers.
In mathematics, ideal theory is the theory of ideals in commutative rings. While the notion of an ideal exists also for non-commutative rings, a much more substantial theory exists only for commutative rings (and this article therefore only considers ideals in commutative rings.) Throughout the articles, rings refer to commutative rings.
[]: the ring of all polynomials with integer coefficients. It is not principal because 2 , x {\displaystyle \langle 2,x\rangle } is an ideal that cannot be generated by a single polynomial. K [ x , y , … ] , {\displaystyle K[x,y,\ldots ],} the ring of polynomials in at least two variables over a ring K is not principal, since the ideal x , y ...
A simple example: In the ring =, the subset of even numbers is a prime ideal.; Given an integral domain, any prime element generates a principal prime ideal ().For example, take an irreducible polynomial (, …,) in a polynomial ring [, …,] over some field.
An important ideal of the ring called the Jacobson radical can be defined using maximal right (or maximal left) ideals. If R is a unital commutative ring with an ideal m, then k = R/m is a field if and only if m is a maximal ideal. In that case, R/m is known as the residue field. This fact can fail in non-unital rings.
In mathematics, specifically ring theory, a principal ideal is an ideal in a ring that is generated by a single element of through multiplication by every element of . The term also has another, similar meaning in order theory, where it refers to an (order) ideal in a poset generated by a single element , which is to say the set of all elements less than or equal to in .