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The history of the arrival of Islam in Indonesia is somewhat unclear. [1] One theory states that Islam arrived directly from Arabia as early as the 9th century, during the time of the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates. Another theory credits Sufi travelers for bringing Islam in the 12th or 13th century, either from Gujarat in India or from Persia. [2]
[14] But not all trade is allowed in Islam. The Qur'an prohibits gambling ( maisir , games of chance involving money). While the Quran does not specifically mention gharar (risk), several hadith prohibit selling products like "the birds in the sky or the fish in the water", "the catch of the diver", or an "unborn calf in its mother's womb". [ 15 ]
PT Perusahaan Rokok Tjap Gudang Garam Tbk (Republican spelling Indonesian for "Salt Warehouse brand Cigarette Company plc"), trading as PT Gudang Garam Tbk, is an Indonesian tobacco company, best known for its kretek (clove cigarette) products. It is Indonesia's largest tobacco manufacturer, with a market share of nearly 33%. [1]
In 1998, Gereja Anglikan Indonesia (lit. Anglican Church of Indonesia) was founded to provide better services to native Indonesians. As of 2022, the congregation is present in Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya, Batam, Medan, Nunukan, Pontianak, Ambon, and Tarakan. [71]
He was the first son of Surya Wonowidjojo (Tjoa Jien Hwie), founder of Gudang Garam, a major Indonesian kretek (clove cigarette) manufacturer. [4] Halim succeeded his father to become the CEO of Gudang Garam in 1984, and expanded the company into other fields, such as the Halim Indonesia Bank [5] (now, Bank ICBC Indonesia).
This alms has the value of one Sāʿ of grain per family member. According to Islamic tradition, this value was established by Muhammad in the year 2 of the Hijra (623/624 AD). In the absence of a Mudd or Sā measure, the amount of grain for the Zakāt al-fitr can also be measured with the two hands held together; [ 7 ] four of these double ...
Indonesian Ulema Council (Indonesian: Majelis Ulama Indonesia, Arabic: مجلس العلماء الإندونيسي, abbreviated MUI) is Indonesia's top Islamic scholars' body. MUI was founded in Jakarta on 26 July 1975 during the New Order era. [1]
Ground garam masala. Garam masala (Hindustani:- garam masālā, lit. transl. hot or warm spices) is a blend of ground spices originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is common in Indian, Pakistani, Nepalese, Bangladeshi, and Caribbean cuisines. [1] [2] It is used alone or with other seasonings. The specific combination differs by district ...