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2. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet_germicidal...

   Ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-C LED) lamps emit UV light at selectable wavelengths between 255 and 280 nm. [74] Pulsed-xenon lamps emit UV light across the entire UV spectrum with a peak emission near 230 nm. [75] This process is similar to, but stronger than, the effect of longer wavelengths producing sunburn in humans. Microorganisms ...

3. Germicidal lamp - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germicidal_lamp

   A germicidal lamp (also known as disinfection lamp or sterilizer lamp) is an electric light that produces ultraviolet C (UVC) light. This short-wave ultraviolet light disrupts DNA base pairing, causing formation of pyrimidine dimers, and leads to the inactivation of bacteria, viruses, and protozoans. It can also be used to produce ozone for ...

4. Sterilization (microbiology) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)

   Microorganisms growing on an agar plate. Sterilization (British English: sterilisation) refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (particularly microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms) and other biological agents (such as prions or viruses) present in fluid or on a specific surface or object. [1]

5. Far-UVC - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far-UVC

   Unlike conventional germicidal UV-C lamps, which are limited to upper-room (above people's heads [8]) pathogen inactivation or use in unoccupied spaces, due to their negative effects on human skin and eyes, far-UVC is considered promising for whole-room pathogen inactivation due to its enhanced safety. The installation of far-UVC lights on ...

6. Portable water purification - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_water_purification

   Ultraviolet (UV) light induces the formation of covalent linkages on DNA and thereby prevents microbes from reproducing. Without reproduction, the microbes become far less dangerous. Germicidal UV-C light in the short wavelength range of 100–280 nm acts on thymine, one of the four base nucleotides in DNA.

7. List of instruments used in microbiological sterilization and ...

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_instruments_used...

   •Infrared light source-do- •Ultraviolet light source-do- Inspissator: used to produce culture media for bacteriology that contain egg or serum, which coagulate on heating Tyndallizer: a process of sterilization from spore bearing bacteria; video link: Water bath: to heat things uniformly from all sides at a set temperature up to the boiling ...