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A tugboat, or tug, is a boat used to maneuver large ships in harbours, over the open sea, or through rivers and canals. They also tow barges , disabled ships, and oil rigs . Equipped with powerful engines producing thousands of horsepower, extensive rigging equipment, and a fender of tires for protection, tugboats can push or tow large vessels ...
A polar diagram, or polar plot, is a graph that shows a sailboat's potential speed over a range of wind speeds and relative wind angles. [1] It normally consists of the right side of a line chart with the radius representing the yacht speed and the angle representing the wind direction blowing from top to bottom.
In that period, sail plans might start from smallest to largest boat or ship in a hierarchy of sailing rigs: [10] [2] Yachts. Catboat with a single sail; Sloop with mainsail and jib; Yawl with a small mast behind the steering post; Ketch with a mizzenmast ahead of the steering post; Working boats and coastal freighters. Cutter with a single ...
True wind (V T) is the same everywhere in the diagram, whereas boat velocity (V B) and apparent wind (V A) vary with point of sail. Forces on sails result from movement of air that interacts with sails and gives them motive power for sailing craft, including sailing ships , sailboats , windsurfers , ice boats , and sail-powered land vehicles .
Bayesian was a 56-metre (184 ft) sailing superyacht, built as Salute by Perini Navi at Viareggio, Italy, and delivered in 2008. [9] It had a 72-metre (237 ft) mast, one of the tallest in the world.
The bottom is flat in a river junk with no keel (similar to a sampan), so that the boat relies on a daggerboard, [16] leeboard or very large rudder to prevent the boat from slipping sideways in the water. [17] The internal bulkheads are characteristic of junks, providing interior compartments and strengthening the ship.
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Period cutaway diagram of a triple-expansion steam engine installation, circa 1918. This particular diagram illustrates possible engine cutoff locations, after the Lusitania disaster and others made it clear that this was an important safety feature. A marine steam engine is a steam engine that is used to power a ship or boat.