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FD&C Red No. 40, more commonly known as red 40, is making headlines again as lawmakers debate whether food dyes should remain legal in the United States. The dye, which has been registered with ...
This act forbids the use of artificial colorings red dye No. 40, yellow dyes Nos. 5 and 6, blue dyes Nos. 1 and 2, and green dye No. 3 from foods served in schools.
Despite its widespread use, many food safety advocates have raised concerns about the presence of Red 40 in the U.S. food system, similar to Red Dye 3 and other synthetic food dyes.
Normal ranges for both ALT and AST vary by gender, age, and geography and are roughly 8-40 U/L (0.14-0.67 μkal/L). [4] Mild transaminesemia refers to levels up to 250 U/L. [ 1 ] Drug-induced increases such as that found with the use of anti-tuberculosis agents such as isoniazid are limited typically to below 100 U/L for either ALT or AST.
Aspartate transaminase (AST) or aspartate aminotransferase, also known as AspAT/ASAT/AAT or (serum) glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT, SGOT), is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transaminase enzyme (EC 2.6.1.1) that was first described by Arthur Karmen and colleagues in 1954.
AST exists in two isoenzymes namely mitochondrial form and cytoplasmic form. It is found in highest concentration in the liver, followed by heart, muscle, kidney, brain, pancreas, and lungs. [ 10 ] This wide range of AST containing organs makes it a relatively less specific indicator of liver damage compared to ALT.