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440C (UNS designation S44004) is a martensitic 400 series stainless steel, [1] and has the highest carbon content of the 400 stainless steel series. It can be heat treated to reach hardness of 58 to 60 HRC .
Type 440C—has the greatest amount of carbon of the type 440 variants. Strongest and considered more desirable in knifemaking than the Type 440A variant [citation needed], except for diving or other salt-water applications. This variant is also more readily available than other variants of type 440. [10] Type 440F—a free-machining variant.
440 series has three types: 440A, 440B, and 440C. 440A is a relatively low-cost, highly corrosion-resistant stainless steel. In China, A honest Changjiang Stainless Steel developed 7Cr17MoV, a modified 440A, by adding more Vanadium. [34] 440B is almost identical to 440A but has a higher carbon content range compared to 440A.
Martensitic stainless steels can be high- or low-carbon steels built around the composition of iron, 12% up to 17% chromium, carbon from 0.10% (Type 410) up to 1.2% (Type 440C): [8] The chromium and carbon contents are balanced to have a martensitic structure.
Steel specified by purpose of use and mechanical properties. ... Followed by C, D or X and two numbers characterising steel ... SCM 440 SCM 440H SNB 7 SCM 4M SCM 4 1. ...
[7] [8] Before 1981, the specially heat treated stainless steel used was 440C, and from 1981 to 1992 the company used 425M steel. Since 1993, Buck has mostly used 420HC stainless steel for Model 110 blades, although CPM S30V steel has also been used for some production runs. Its design is one of the most imitated knife patterns in the world. [1]