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A dual-clutch transmission (DCT) (sometimes referred to as a twin-clutch transmission) is a type of multi-speed vehicle transmission system, that uses two separate clutches for odd and even gear sets. [1] The design is often similar to two separate manual transmissions with their respective clutches contained within one housing, and working as ...
Before the introduction of transmission synchronizers in 1927, [2] double clutching was a technique required to prevent damage to an automobile's gearing during shifts. Due to the difficulty and most often unnecessary redundancy involved in the technique, coupled with the advent of synchronized gearing systems, it has largely fallen into disuse in light vehicles.
A direct-shift gearbox (DSG, German: Direktschaltgetriebe [1]) [2] [3] is an electronically controlled, dual-clutch, [2] multiple-shaft, automatic gearbox, in either a transaxle or traditional transmission layout (depending on engine/drive configuration), with automated clutch operation, and with fully-automatic [2] or semi-manual gear selection.
The Ford unit is a six-speed with one clutch acting on reverse, first, third, and fifth gears, and the other used for second, fourth, sixth gears. As the first gear is engaged, the 2-4-6 clutch is disengaged and the second gear cogs are engaged. At the appropriate time, the R-1-3-5 clutch is disengaged and the 2-4-6 clutch is engaged.
Manual – the driver has to perform each gear change using a manually operated clutch; Automatic – once placed in drive (or any other 'automatic' selector position), it automatically selects the gear ratio dependent on engine speed and load; Basically there are two types of engine installation:
The Lamborghini Aventador uses a single-clutch lightweight 7-speed automated manual gearbox built by Graziano. [7] [8] Despite being single-clutch, gear-shifts are accomplished in 50ms. The Gallardo and the first-generation Audi R8 used a mid-engine Graziano gearbox (manual or automated manual versions).