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During hot weather, bees cool the hive by circulating cool air from the entrance through the hive and out again; [72] and if necessary by placing water, which they fetch, throughout the hive to create evaporative cooling. [73] In cold weather, packing and insulation of the bee hive is believed to be beneficial. [74]
At that concentration of CO 2, the honey bees can tolerate up to 50 °C (122 °F), but the hornet cannot survive the combination of a temperature of 46 °C (115 °F) and high carbon dioxide level. [10] [11] Some bees do die along with the intruder, much as happens when they attack other intruders with their stings, but by killing the hornet ...
When viewed from a distance, they appear blackish or rich dark brown. They are large for honey bees though they have unusually short tongues (5.7–6.4 mm (0.22–0.25 in)). [9] Their common name (dark or black bee) is derived from their brown-black color, with only a few lighter yellow spots on the abdomen. [10]
Small ruminants such as sheep and goats contribute approximately 475 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent to GHG emissions, which constitutes around 6.5% of world agriculture sector emissions. [38] Methane production by animals, principally ruminants, makes up an estimated 15-20% of global production of methane. [39] [40]
It is this requirement that establishes the level of performance demanded of the system. The efficiency of the vertebrate system is far greater than is needed for transporting nutrients, hormones, and so on, whereas in insects, exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the tracheal system. Hemolymph plays no part in the process in most ...
The three main greenhouse gases produced by unsustainable land use are carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. [4] [7] Black carbon, or soot, can also be a product of unsustainable land use, and, despite not being a gas, it can behave like greenhouse gases and contribute to climate change. [8] [9]
Animal agriculture contributes to global warming, which leads to ocean acidification. This occurs because as carbon emissions increase, a chemical reaction occurs between carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and ocean water, causing seawater acidification. [184] The process is also known as the dissolution of inorganic carbon in seawater. [185]
The western honey bee or European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is the most common of the 7–12 species of honey bees worldwide. [3] [4] The genus name Apis is Latin for 'bee', and mellifera is the Latin for 'honey-bearing' or 'honey-carrying', referring to the species' production of honey.