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Elaioplasts are one of the three possible forms of leucoplasts, sometimes broadly referred to as such. [1] The main function of elaioplasts is synthesis and storage of fatty acids , terpenes , and other lipids , and they can be found in the embryonic leaves of certain plants, as well as the anthers of many flowering plants .
Lacking photosynthetic pigments, leucoplasts are located in non-photosynthetic tissues of plants, such as roots, bulbs and seeds.They may be specialized for bulk storage of starch, lipid or protein and are then known as amyloplasts, elaioplasts, or proteinoplasts (also called aleuroplasts) respectively.
Proteinoplasts (sometimes called proteoplasts, aleuroplasts, and aleuronaplasts) are specialized organelles found only in plant cells. Proteinoplasts belong to a broad category of organelles known as plastids. Plastids are specialized double-membrane organelles found in plant cells.
The particular elaiosome in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae is called caruncle (Latin caruncula "wart"). Seeds that have caruncles are carunculate; ...
Elaioplasts: storing fats. Proteinoplasts: storing and modifying protein. or Tannosomes: synthesizing and producing tannins and polyphenols. Depending on their morphology and target function, plastids have the ability to differentiate or redifferentiate between these and other forms.
Statoliths, a specialized starch-accumulating amyloplast, are denser than cytoplasm, and are able to settle to the bottom of the gravity-sensing cell, called a statocyte. [5] This settling is a vital mechanism in plant's perception of gravity, triggering the asymmetrical distribution of auxin that causes the curvature and growth of stems ...
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Protoplasts may also be used for plant breeding, using a technique called protoplast fusion. Protoplasts from different species are induced to fuse by using an electric field or a solution of polyethylene glycol. [12] This technique may be used to generate somatic hybrids in tissue culture. [citation needed]