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Close-up of fish melanophores. Fish coloration is produced through specialized cells called chromatophores. The dermal chromatophore is a basic color unit in amphibians, reptiles, and fish which has three cell layers: "the xanthophore (contains carotenoid and pteridine pigments), the iridophore (reflects color structurally), and the melanophore (contains melanin)". [5]
Banded killifish distinguish individuals by body coloration phenotype. Banded killifish are likely to enter shoals with those of similar body color in order to maximize predator avoidance. [28] An individual of different color might present as a contrast. This contrast is likely to make the shoal stand out and gain the predator's attention.
The blue walleye (Sander vitreus var. glaucus), also called the blue pike, was a unique color morph (formerly considered a subspecies) of walleye which was endemic to the Great Lakes of North America. Morphometric studies led biologists to classify the blue walleye as a separate species in 1926, although it was later downgraded to a subspecies.
Aquariums in the United States are full of life, color, and beauty. But the best aquariums don't just put some of the world's rarest, most intriguing, and majestical water-loving creatures within ...
Fish and frog melanophores are cells that can change colour by dispersing or aggregating pigment-containing bodies. Chromatophores are special pigment-containing cells that may change their size, but more often retain their original size but allow the pigment within them to become redistributed, thus varying the colour and pattern of the animal.
Ray, J. and P.Ceae. 2003. Fish survey and bioassessment of Station Camp Creek and Sturgeon Creek in the Upper Kentucky River drainage. Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings. 46:1-15; Felbaum, Mitchell. 1995. Tippecanoe Darter (Etheostoma Tippecanoe) Endangered and Threatened Species of Pennsylvania. Harrisburg: Felbaum Mitchell, 1995.