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  2. Virtual image - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_image

    Solid blue lines indicate (real) light rays and dashed blue lines indicate backward extension of the real rays. In optics, the image of an object is defined as the collection of focus points of light rays coming from the object. A real image is the collection of focus points made by converging rays, while a virtual image is the collection of ...

  3. Vergence (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vergence_(optics)

    Light does not actually consist of imaginary rays and light sources are not single-point sources, thus vergence is typically limited to simple ray modeling of optical systems. In a real system, the vergence is a product of the diameter of a light source, its distance from the optics, and the curvature of the optical surfaces.

  4. Real image - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_image

    In optics, an image is defined as the collection of focus points of light rays coming from an object. A real image is the collection of focus points actually made by converging/diverging rays, while a virtual image is the collection of focus points made by extensions of diverging or converging rays. In other words, a real image is an image ...

  5. Ray (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_(optics)

    Light rays in homogeneous media are straight. They bend at the interface between two dissimilar media and may be curved in a medium in which the refractive index changes. Geometric optics describes how rays propagate through an optical system. Objects to be imaged are treated as collections of independent point sources, each producing spherical ...

  6. Geometrical optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometrical_optics

    The phenomenon is studied in the field of gradient-index optics. [4] A ray tracing diagram for a simple converging lens. A device which produces converging or diverging light rays due to refraction is known as a lens. Thin lenses produce focal points on either side that can be modeled using the lensmaker's equation. [5]

  7. Optical phenomenon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_phenomenon

    One common example is the rainbow, when light from the Sun is reflected and refracted by water droplets. Some phenomena, such as the green ray, are so rare they are sometimes thought to be mythical. [2] Others, such as Fata Morganas, are commonplace in favored locations. Other phenomena are simply interesting aspects of optics, or

  8. Physics of optical holography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics_of_Optical_Holography

    The recorded light pattern is a diffraction grating, which is a structure with a repeating pattern. A simple example is a metal plate with slits cut at regular intervals. A light wave that is incident on a grating is split into several waves; the direction of these diffracted waves is determined by the grating spacing and the wavelength of the ...

  9. Curved mirror - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curved_mirror

    A ray drawn from the top of the object to the mirror surface vertex (where the optical axis meets the mirror) will form an angle with the optical axis. The reflected ray has the same angle to the axis, but on the opposite side (See Specular reflection). A second ray can be drawn from the top of the object, parallel to the optical axis. This ray ...