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The most commonly used air quality index in the UK is the Daily Air Quality Index recommended by the Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollutants (COMEAP). [39] This index has ten points, which are further grouped into four bands: low, moderate, high and very high. Each of the bands comes with advice for at-risk groups and the general ...
The Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) is a type of air quality index used in Singapore, which is a number used to indicate the level of pollutants in air.Initially PSI was based on five air pollutants, but since 1 April 2014 it has also included fine particulate matter (PM 2.5).
The air quality in Malaysia is reported as the API (Air Pollutant Index) or in Malay as IPU (Indeks Pencemaran Udara). Four of the index's pollutant components (i.e., carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide) are reported in ppmv but PM 2.5 particulate matter is reported in μg/m 3.
Beneish M-score is a probabilistic model, so it cannot detect companies that manipulate their earnings with 100% accuracy. Financial institutions were excluded from the sample in Beneish paper when calculating M-score since these institutions make money through different routes.
An emission intensity (also carbon intensity or C.I.) is the emission rate of a given pollutant relative to the intensity of a specific activity, or an industrial production process; for example grams of carbon dioxide released per megajoule of energy produced, or the ratio of greenhouse gas emissions produced to gross domestic product (GDP).
For health reasons it is crucial to breathe clean air, free from chemicals and toxicants as much as possible. It is estimated that humans spend approximately 90% of their lifetime indoors [8] and that indoor air pollution in some places can be much worse than that of the ambient air.
Average UV at noon 1996-2002 (European Space Agency)The ultraviolet index, or UV index, is an international standard measurement of the strength of the sunburn-producing ultraviolet (UV) radiation at a particular place and time.
The clearness index is a measure of atmosphere clearness. It is calculated as the fraction of the actual total solar radiation on the surface of the Earth during a certain period over the theoretical maximum (i.e., clear sky) radiation during the same period.