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Photograph of a wazza. The wazza, also referred to as al-Wazza, is a type of natural horn played in Sudanese music. [1] The wazza is a long wind instrument, constructed by joining several wooden tubes to form an elaborate gourd trumpet, and while blown, it is also tapped for percussive effect.
The Berta (Bertha) or Funj or Benishangul are an ethnic group living along the border of Sudan and Ethiopia. They speak a Nilo-Saharan language that is not related to those of their Nilo-Saharan neighbors (Gumuz, Uduk). The total population of Ethiopian-Bertas in Ethiopia is 208,759 people. Sudanese-Bertas number around 180,000.
The Dinka Malual have traditionally lived in the floodplains of Bahr el Ghazal, characterized by seasonal rivers and pastures suitable for cattle grazing. [2] They faced many challenges, including displacement during the Second Sudanese Civil War and conflicts with neighboring groups such as the Baqqara Arabs.
During the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005) tensions with the Dinka people built up after the Dinka-dominated SPLA forces moved into the area in 1985. They came to a head in 1999 when the Didinga officer Peter Lorot was passed over for promotion in favor of a Dinka, assassinated his rival and took to the woods with his supporters. [3]
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Famous singer Mohammed al Amin and his band Sudanese national anthem, performed by the U.S. Navy Band. The rich and varied music of Sudan has traditional, rural, northeastern African roots [1] and also shows Arabic, Western or other African influences, especially on the popular urban music from the early 20th century onwards.
The Zaghawa of Sudan are among the peoples living in the refugee camps in Darfur and eastern Chad where the recruitment of child soldiers into rebel movements is an ongoing problem. [ 23 ] The Zaghawa have been among the tribes in Darfur who have been referred to as "African" even as other tribes that have fought with them have been called "Arab".
The radio station was established as Sudan Radio Service (SRS) on 30 July 2003 in Nairobi as an USAID-funded Education Development Center (EDC) project and aired in shortwave broadcast. Initially, the radio broadcast news summaries and music for one hour and was available in English , Arabic , Dinka , Azande , Shilluk , Nuer , Bari , and Moru .