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  2. fork (system call) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fork_(system_call)

    Then, the copy, called the "child process", calls the exec system call to overlay itself with the other program: it ceases execution of its former program in favor of the other. The fork operation creates a separate address space for the child. The child process has an exact copy of all the memory segments of the parent process.

  3. copy (command) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copy_(command)

    copy letter.txt con would output to stdout, like the type command. Note that copy page1.txt+page2.txt book.txt will concatenate the files and output them as book.txt. Which is just like the cat command). It can also copy files between different disk drives. There are two command-line switches to modify the behaviour when concatenating files:

  4. Git - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git

    The command to create a local repo, git init, creates a branch named master. [61] [111] Often it is used as the integration branch for merging changes into. [112] Since the default upstream remote is named origin, [113] the default remote branch is origin/master. Some tools such as GitHub and GitLab create a default branch named main instead.

  5. Command substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command_substitution

    In computing, command substitution is a facility that allows a command to be run and its output to be pasted back on the command line as arguments to another command. Command substitution first appeared in the Bourne shell , [ 1 ] introduced with Version 7 Unix in 1979, and has remained a characteristic of all later Unix shells .

  6. Branch (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branch_(computer_science)

    Historically, branch prediction took statistics, and used the result to optimize code. A programmer would compile a test version of a program, and run it with test data. The test code counted how the branches were actually taken. The statistics from the test code were then used by the compiler to optimize the branches of released code.

  7. Command pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Command_pattern

    On the other hand, if the code is defined by the command object itself, the target object will be a different object entirely. Command Object, routed event arguments, event object: the object that is passed from the source to the Command/Action object, to the Target object to the code that does the work. Each button click or shortcut key ...

  8. Branching (version control) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branching_(version_control)

    The users of the version control system can branch any branch. Branches are also known as trees, streams or codelines. The originating branch is sometimes called the parent branch, the upstream branch (or simply upstream, especially if the branches are maintained by different organizations or individuals), or the backing stream.

  9. Working directory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working_directory

    In most computer file systems, every directory has an entry (usually named ".") which points to the directory itself.In most DOS and UNIX command shells, as well as in the Microsoft Windows command line interpreters cmd.exe and Windows PowerShell, the working directory can be changed by using the CD or CHDIR commands.