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Adults are 2.3 to 5 inches (5.8 to 12.7 cm) long and are generally darkly colored, with a red stripe on their back early in their life cycle. Siren intermedia nettingi: Western lesser siren: Adults are 7 to 19.7 inches (18 to 50 cm) long and are colored gray, brown or olive. Considered a species of special concern in Michigan. [3]
The Mexican burrowing toad diverged from other amphibians over 190 million years ago and has been evolving independently for a longer period of time than the evolutionary differences between mammals like humans, fruit bats, polar bears and killer whales. [5] Its closest sister group is Pipidae, or the aquatic clawed frogs.
The toad is able to absorb water from the surrounding soil; even as the soil becomes increasingly dry in spring and early summer months, increased concentrations of urea in the toad's body allow it to continue to suck water out of the soil through osmosis. When the summer rains arrive the Great Basin spadefoot emerges from its burrow. [4]
The American toad (Anaxyrus americanus) [3] is a common species of toad found throughout Canada and the eastern United States. It is divided into three subspecies: the eastern American toad (A. a. americanus), the dwarf American toad (A. a. charlesmithi) and the rare Hudson Bay toad (A. a. copei).
The western toad (Anaxyrus boreas) is a large toad species, between 5.6 and 13 cm (2.2 and 5.1 in) long, native to western North America. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] A. boreas is frequently encountered during the wet season on roads, or near water at other times.
Amphibians and Reptiles, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; Mammals, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; State of Michigan - Crayfish Species Checklist, James W. Fetzner Jr., Section of Invertebrate Zoology, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA, 28 January 2008
Millie Hill bat cave (also known as Millie Mine bat cave) is an abandoned iron mine in Iron Mountain, Michigan that is now one of the largest bat breeding colonies in North America. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The vertical mine shaft is blocked by a steel grate, which prevents entry by humans but allows bats to enter and exit freely. [ 4 ]
Woodhouse's toad is a robust amphibian and can grow to a maximum snout-vent length of 127 mm (5 in). The head has prominent cranial crests in front of and in between the eyes. The parotoid glands are long and large. The dorsal surface of this toad is grayish-brown or yellowish-brown and it is speckled with small dark spots.