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African-American hair or Black hair refers to hair types, textures, and styles that are linked to African-American culture, often drawing inspiration from African hair culture. It plays a major role in the identity and politics of Black culture in the United States and across the diaspora . [ 1 ]
Black hair can come in a variety of textures, just as any hair color. Generally, the East Asian, Central Asian and Native American population has straight hair with a very thick cuticle layer [ 5 ] and South Asians have thick, wavy or curly hair , [ 6 ] while the general hair type seen in black African hair is thick, curly and dense with more ...
[21] In the 2000 US Census, "Black or African American" refers to a "person having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa." [21] The other three self-designated races are not labeled by color. [21] This is due to historic negative associations of terms like "Yellow" (for East Asians) and "Red" (for Native Americans) with racism.
By the late 1800s, African American women were straightening their hair to meet a Eurocentric vision of society with the use of hot combs and other products improved by Madam C. J. Walker. However, the black pride movement of the 1960s and 1970s made the afro a popular hairstyle among African Americans and considered a symbol of resistance. [5]
Madam C. J. Walker, an African American businesswoman, achieved great fortune and recognition for widening the teeth of the hot comb, as well as the modern perm, which would straighten afro-textured hair and become a staple in the black community.
Portrayals of straight hair in the media have set a beauty standard which is exclusionary of the different hair textures of African Americans. [12] Despite the role played by media in setting beauty standards for hair, social media has provided a platform for African Americans who are progressing beauty standards by wearing their hair in ...