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Phalaenopsis (/ ˌ f æ l ɪ ˈ n ɒ p s ɪ s /), also known as moth orchids, [2] is a genus of about seventy species of plants in the family Orchidaceae.Orchids in this genus are monopodial epiphytes or lithophytes with long, coarse roots, short, leafy stems and long-lasting, flat flowers arranged in a flowering stem that often branches near the end.
Subfamily Apostasioideae: monophyletic - the most basal of the orchids: three fertile anthers, or two fertile anthers and a filamentous staminode. Subfamily Cypripedioideae: monophyletic - two fertile diandrous anthers, a shield-shaped staminode and a saccate (= pouch-like) lip.
The term monophyly, or monophyletic, derives from the two Ancient Greek words μόνος (mónos), meaning "alone, only, unique", and φῦλον (phûlon), meaning "genus, species", [4] [5] and refers to the fact that a monophyletic group includes organisms (e.g., genera, species) consisting of all the descendants of a unique common ancestor.
The following is a list of intergeneric hybrids recognised by the Royal Horticultural Society that includes species of Phalaenopsis as ancestors, as at February 2022: [6]. × Aeridopsis (Aerides × Phalaenopsis)
The chromosome count is 2n = 2x = 34. It is reduced, just like in species of Phalaenopsis section Aphyllae. The karyotype is symmetrical and uniform in size. It is clear, that Phalaenopsis finleyi is closely related to Phalaenopsis section Aphyllae. Together they form a monophyletic clade. A synapomorphy is the reduction of the chromosome count.
In biological phylogenetics, a clade (from Ancient Greek κλάδος (kládos) 'branch'), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, [1] is a grouping of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. [2]
Phalaenopsis orchid showing monopodial form of growth Vascular plants with monopodial growth habits grow upward from a single point. They add leaves to the apex each year and the stem grows longer accordingly.
Phalaenopsis maculata is a species of orchid endemic to Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo. [1] The specific epithet maculata , from the Latin maculatus meaning "spotted", refers to the floral colouration.