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Gallium reacts with ammonia at 1050 °C to form gallium nitride, GaN. Gallium also forms binary compounds with phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony: gallium phosphide (GaP), gallium arsenide (GaAs), and gallium antimonide (GaSb). These compounds have the same structure as ZnS, and have important semiconducting properties.
Gallium(III) chloride is a Lewis acid catalyst, such as in the Friedel–Crafts reaction, which is able to substitute more common lewis acids such as ferric chloride. Gallium complexes strongly with π-donors, especially silylethynes, producing a strongly electrophilic complex. These complexes are used as an alkylating agent for aromatic ...
Lewis structure of a water molecule. Lewis structures – also called Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDs) – are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
Gallium trichloride is a common starting reagent for the formation of organogallium compounds, such as in carbogallation reactions. [44] Gallium trichloride reacts with lithium cyclopentadienide in diethyl ether to form the trigonal planar gallium cyclopentadienyl complex GaCp 3. Gallium(I) forms complexes with arene ligands such as ...
Also, it is formed on heating gallium in air or by thermally decomposing gallium nitrate at 200–250 °C. Crystalline Ga 2 O 3 can occur in five polymorphs, α, β, γ, δ, and ε. Of these polymorphs β-Ga 2 O 3 is the most thermodynamically stable phase at standard temperature and pressure [ 14 ] while α-Ga 2 O 3 is the most stable ...
The chemical structure of the reagent termed Solid "GaI" Precursor [citation needed] produced from reacting gallium metal with iodine in toluene using ultrasound has only recently been investigated using 69/71Ga solid-state NMR and a tentative structure assigned which includes gallium metal atoms, [Ga 0] 2 [Ga] + [GaI 4] −.
Extended crystal structure of GaBr 3. The GaBr 3 monomer has trigonal planar geometry, but when it forms the dimer Ga 2 Br 6 the geometry around the gallium center distorts to become roughly tetrahedral. As a solid, GaBr 3 forms a monoclinic crystalline structure with a unit cell volume of 524.16 Å 3. Additional specifications for this unit ...
Gallium monoiodide is used as a precursor for a variety of reactions, acting as a lewis acid and a reducing agent. Early-on, gallium monoiodide was shown to produce alkylgallium diiodides via oxidative addition by reacting liquid gallium metal and iodine in the presence of an alkyl iodide.