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Celecoxib, sold under the brand name Celebrex among others, is a COX-2 inhibitor and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). [7] It is used to treat the pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis , acute pain in adults, rheumatoid arthritis , psoriatic arthritis , ankylosing spondylitis , painful menstruation , and juvenile rheumatoid ...
Author of The Demon Under the Microscope, a history of the discovery of the sulfa drugs; A History of the Fight Against Tuberculosis in Canada (Chemotherapy) Presentation speech, Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine, 1939; The History of WW II Medicine "Five Medical Miracles of the Sulfa Drugs". Popular Science, June 1942, pp. 73–78.
Sulfonamide is a functional group (a part of a molecule) that is the basis of several groups of drugs, which are called sulphonamides, sulfa drugs or sulpha drugs. The original antibacterial sulfonamides are synthetic antimicrobial agents that contain the sulfonamide group.
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The therapeutic recommended dosages were 12.5, 25, and 50 mg with an approximate bioavailability of 93%. [12] [13] [14] Rofecoxib crossed the placenta and blood–brain barrier, [12] [13] [15] and took 1–3 hours to reach peak plasma concentration with an effective half-life (based on steady-state levels) around 17 hours.
Valdecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and painful menstruation and menstrual symptoms. It is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor.
Parecoxib, along with other COX-2 selective inhibitors, celecoxib, valdecoxib, and mavacoxib, were discovered by a team at the Searle division of Monsanto led by John Talley. [8] [9] Parecoxib is the first parenteral COX-2 selective inhibitor available for clinical use in pain management.
Some studies have shown sulindac to be relatively less irritating to the stomach than other NSAIDs except for drugs of the COX-2 inhibitor class. [2] The exact mechanism of its NSAID properties is unknown, but it is thought to act on enzymes COX-1 and COX-2, inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.