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Caffeine's biological half-life – the time required for the body to eliminate one-half of a dose – varies widely among individuals according to factors such as pregnancy, other drugs, liver enzyme function level (needed for caffeine metabolism) and age. In healthy adults, caffeine's half-life is between 3 and 7 hours. [5]
Paraxanthine is believed to exhibit a lower toxicity than caffeine and the caffeine metabolite, theophylline. [22] [23] In a mouse model, intraperitoneal paraxanthine doses of 175 mg/kg/day did not result in animal death or overt signs of stress; [24] by comparison, the intraperitoneal LD50 for caffeine in mice is reported at 168 mg/kg. [25]
According to the USDA National Nutrient Database, a 240-millilitre (8 US fl oz) cup of "coffee brewed from grounds" contains 95 mg caffeine, whereas an espresso (25 mL) contains 53 mg. [189] According to an article in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association, coffee has the following caffeine content, depending on how it is prepared: [186]
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) says that most people can tolerate up to 400 milligrams of coffee a day—that lines up to between two and three 12 oz cups of the good stuff each day ...
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Which is about half of all adults over age 50 at serious risk of breaking a bone.” While these numbers may sound alarming, the good news is we can keep our bones healthy and strong by choosing ...
The elimination half life of theobromine is between 6 and 8 hours. [1] [2] Unlike caffeine, which is highly water-soluble, theobromine is only slightly water-soluble and is more fat soluble, and thus peaks more slowly in the blood. While caffeine peaks after only 30 minutes, theobromine requires 2–3 hours to peak. [29]
Lunch: 1 slice of toast, half a cup of tuna, 1 cup of black coffee or tea (with caffeine) Dinner: 3 ounces of any type of meat (such as chicken or beef), 1 cup of green beans, half a banana, 1 ...