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The brightest stars of the cluster are named the Seven Sisters in early Greek mythology: Sterope, Merope, Electra, Maia, Taygeta, Celaeno, and Alcyone. Later, they were assigned parents, Pleione and Atlas. [18] As daughters of Atlas, the Hyades were sisters of the Pleiades. The following table gives details of the brightest stars in the cluster:
Alcyone / æ l ˈ s aɪ ə n iː /, [11] designated η Tauri (Eta Tauri, abbreviated Eta Tau, η Tau), is a star in the constellation of Taurus. Approximately 440 light-years from the Sun, it is the brightest star in the Pleiades open cluster, which is a young cluster, around 100 million years old. There are a number of fainter stars very close ...
Maia / ˈ m eɪ ə /, designated 20 Tauri (abbreviated 20 Tau), is a star in the constellation of Taurus. It is a blue giant of spectral type B8 III, a chemically peculiar star, and the prototype of the Maia variable class of variable star. Maia is the fourth-brightest star in the Pleiades open star cluster (Messier 45), after Alcyone, Atlas ...
Electra / ə ˈ l ɛ k t r ə /, [11] designated 17 Tauri, is a blue-white giant star in the constellation of Taurus located approximately 400 light years away. It is the third-brightest star in the Pleiades open star cluster (), visible to the naked eye with an apparent magnitude of 3.7.
Hyadum II, Secunda Hyadum, Secundus Hyadum; member of the Hyades star cluster θ 1 Tau: θ 1: 77: 28307: 20885: 04 h 28 m 34.43 s +15° 57′ 44.0″ 3.84: 0.42: 158: G7III: member of the Hyades star cluster Maia: 20: 23408: 17573: 03 h 45 m 49.59 s +24° 22′ 04.3″ 3.87: −1.34: 360: B8III: member of the Pleiades star cluster ν Tau: ν ...
It is approximately 430 light years from the Sun; [5] about the same distance as the Pleiades. The interstellar extinction of this star is fairly small at 0.05 magnitudes. [11] The projected rotational velocity of the equator is 185 km/s. [8] It is over four times the radius of the Sun and has a surface temperature of 12,800 K. [6] [7]
Taygete was one of the Pleiades sisters in Greek mythology. In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) [10] to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Taygeta for the component 19 Tauri Aa on 21 August 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names. [7]
Pleione [note 1] is a binary star and the seventh-brightest star in the Pleiades star cluster . It has the variable star designation BU Tauri (BU Tau) and the Flamsteed designation 28 Tauri (28 Tau). The star is located approximately 138 parsecs (450 light-years) from the Sun, appearing in the constellation of Taurus.