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  2. Liberty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty

    John Stuart Mill. Philosophers from the earliest times have considered the question of liberty. Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius (121–180 AD) wrote: . a polity in which there is the same law for all, a polity administered with regard to equal rights and equal freedom of speech, and the idea of a kingly government which respects most of all the freedom of the governed.

  3. Libertarianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarianism

    [124] In 2013, Sterba wrote, "I shall show that moral commitment to an ideal of 'negative' liberty, which does not lead to a night-watchman state, but instead requires sufficient government to provide each person in society with the relatively high minimum of liberty that persons using Rawls' decision procedure would select.

  4. Natural-rights libertarianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-rights_libertarianism

    Natural-rights libertarianism [a] is the theory that all individuals possess certain natural or moral rights, mainly a right of individual sovereignty and that therefore acts of initiation of force and fraud are rights-violations and that is sufficient reason to oppose those acts.

  5. Harm principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harm_principle

    This, then, is the appropriate region of human liberty. It comprises, first, the inward domain of consciousness; demanding liberty of conscience, in the most comprehensive sense; liberty of thought and felling; absolute freedom of opinion and sentiment on all subjects; practical or speculative, scientific, moral, or theological.

  6. Natural rights and legal rights - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_rights_and_legal...

    Leaders are seen as representative of God on earth, but they deserve allegiance only as long as they have farr, a kind of divine blessing that they must earn by moral behavior. [16] The 40 Principal Doctrines of the Epicureans taught that "in order to obtain protection from other men, any means for attaining this end is a natural good" (PD 6 ...

  7. Libertarianism in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarianism_in_the...

    The Vietnam War split the uneasy alliance between growing numbers of self-identified libertarians and traditionalist conservatives who believed in limiting liberty to uphold moral virtues. Libertarians opposed to the war joined the draft resistance and peace movements and organizations such as Students for a Democratic Society .

  8. Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life,_Liberty_and_the...

    "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness" is a well-known phrase from the United States Declaration of Independence. [1] The phrase gives three examples of the unalienable rights which the Declaration says have been given to all humans by their Creator , and which governments are created to protect.

  9. Liberalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberalism

    The Liberty of the Ancients was a participatory republican liberty, [99] which gave the citizens the right to influence politics directly through debates and votes in the public assembly. [98] In order to support this degree of participation, citizenship was a burdensome moral obligation requiring a considerable investment of time and energy.