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The most common incision for laparotomy is a vertical incision in the middle of the abdomen which follows the linea alba. [citation needed] The upper midline incision usually extends from the xiphoid process to the umbilicus. A typical lower midline incision is limited by the umbilicus superiorly and by the pubic symphysis inferiorly.
A vertical cut, or incision, is made in the middle of the abdomen. This midline incision extends from the xiphoid process at the bottom of the chest to the pubic symphysis at the bottom of the pelvis. The fibrous tissue of the linea alba, which separates the right and the left abdominal muscles, serves as a guide for
Midline incisions are particularly favoured in diagnostic laparotomy, as they allow wide access to most of the abdominal cavity. The upper midline incision usually extends from the xiphoid process to the umbilicus. A typical lower midline incision is limited by the umbilicus superiorly and by the pubic symphysis inferiorly.
The modified Gibson incision allows proper access to the small bowel and pelvic organs and limited access to omentum. It is also possible to have tactile assessment of large bowel and subdiaphragmatic surfaces using this incision. This incision is preferred for lymph node dissection, as extra peritoneal approach of pelvic sidewall is possible.
For the open procedure, the surgeon makes an incision in the side of the abdomen to reach the kidney. Depending on circumstances, the incision can also be made midline. The ureter and blood vessels are disconnected, and the kidney is then removed. The laparoscopic approach utilizes three or four small (5–10 mm) cuts in the abdominal and flank ...
Caesarean section, also known as C-section, cesarean, or caesarean delivery, is the surgical procedure by which one or more babies are delivered through an incision in the mother's abdomen. It is often performed because vaginal delivery would put the mother or child at risk (like paralysis or even death). [ 2 ]
A midline incision may be preferred as well when the fetus lies transversely across the patient's uterus or if the placenta lies in the area where the low transverse incision is made. In practice, however, the midline incision is rarely used. [3] Other hysterotomy incisions include a high transverse incision and a fundal incision. [2]
Rather than a minimum 20 cm incision as in traditional (open) cholecystectomy, four incisions of 0.5–1.0 cm, or, beginning in the second decade of the 21st century, a single incision of 1.5–2.0 cm, [5] will be sufficient to perform a laparoscopic removal of a gallbladder. Since the gallbladder is similar to a small balloon that stores and ...