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Fetal height, fetal weight, head circumference (HC), crown to rump length (CR), dermatological observations like skin thickness etc. are measured individually to assess the growth and development of the organs and the fetus as a whole and can be a parameter for normal or abnormal development also including adaptation of the fetus to its newer ...
Birth weight is the body weight of a baby at their birth. [1] The average birth weight in babies of European and African descent is 3.5 kilograms (7.7 lb), with the normative range between 2.5 and 4.0 kilograms (5.5 and 8.8 lb). [2] On average, babies of Asian descent weigh about 3.25 kilograms (7.2 lb).
For example, with a 35-week gestational age delivery, a weight of 2,250 g (4 lb 15 oz) is appropriate for gestational age but is still low birth weight. One third of low-birth-weight neonates – infants weighing less than 2,500 g (5 lb 8 oz) – are small for gestational age. [citation needed] There is an 8.1% incidence of low birth weight in ...
Normal head circumference for a full-term infant is 33–36 cm at birth. [6] At birth, many regions of the newborn's skull have not yet been converted to bone, leaving "soft spots" known as fontanels. The two largest are the diamond-shaped anterior fontanel, located at the top front portion of the head, and the smaller triangular-shaped ...
[1] [2] [3] Macrosomia is a similar term that describes excessive birth weight, but refers to an absolute measurement, regardless of gestational age. [4] Typically the threshold for diagnosing macrosomia is a body weight between 4,000 and 4,500 grams (8 lb 13 oz and 9 lb 15 oz), or more, measured at birth, but there are difficulties reaching a ...
In addition, the mid parental height (MPH) is used to calculate the expected height potential and interpret the growth curve of a child. [3] The following calculations are used for males and females respectively: Male = (father’s height + mother’s height + 13 cm)/2 Female = (father’s height-13 cm + mother’s height)/2. [3]
Their babies are least likely to either be low-birth weight or high-birth weight. It is advised that women with a normal weight before pregnancy should gain a total of 11.5 kilograms to 16.0 kilograms throughout gestation, which is approximately 0.4 kilogram per week in the second and third trimesters. [3]
Illustration of fundal height at various points during pregnancy. Some degree of weight gain is expected during pregnancy. The enlarging uterus, growing fetus, placenta, amniotic fluid, normal increase in body fat, and increase in water retention all contribute weight gain during pregnancy. The amount of weight gain can vary from 5 pounds (2.3 ...