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Maclura pomifera, commonly known as the Osage orange (/ ˈ oʊ s eɪ dʒ / OH-sayj), is a small deciduous tree or large shrub, native to the south-central United States. It typically grows about 8 to 15 metres (30–50 ft) tall.
Pomiferin is a prenylated isoflavone that can be found along with osajin in the fruits and female flowers of the osage orange tree (Maclura pomifera). [1]Pomiferin was identified and named in 1939 by Melville L. Wolfrom from Ohio State University. [2]
It includes the inedible Osage orange, which is used as mosquito repellent and grown throughout the United States as a hedging plant. [3] It is dioecious, with male and female flowers borne on separate plants. [4] Maclura is closely related to the genus Cudrania, and hybrids between the two genera have been produced.
The family varies from colossal trees like the Indian Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) which can cover five acres (two hectares) of ground, to Dorstenia barnimiana which is a small stemless, bulbous succulent 2–5 cm in diameter that produces a single peltate leaf on a 4–15 cm petiole.
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Some species begin to form heartwood very early in life, so having only a thin layer of live sapwood, while in others the change comes slowly. Thin sapwood is characteristic of such species as chestnut, black locust, mulberry, osage-orange, and sassafras, while in maple, ash, hickory, hackberry, beech, and pine, thick sapwood is the rule. [14]
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