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A high-dose vaccine (Fluzone High-Dose) four times the strength of standard flu vaccine was approved by the FDA in 2009. [22] [23] [24] This vaccine is intended for people 65 and over, who typically have weakened immune response due to normal aging. The vaccine produces a greater immune response than standard vaccine.
Equine influenza is characterized by a very high rate of transmission among horses, and has a relatively short incubation time of one to three days. [6] Clinical signs of equine influenza include fever (up to 106 °F [41 °C]), nasal discharge, have a dry, hacking cough, depression, loss of appetite and weakness. [6]
The following is a list of WHO recommended strains for the Northern Hemisphere influenza season. Starting in the 2012–2013 season, the recommendation shifted to include the composition of a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) that contains both influenza B lineages, alongside a trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) containing one influenza B lineage.
The U.S. government has granted $72 million to European pharma giants GSK Plc (NYSE:GSK), Sanofi SA (NASDAQ:SNY) and Australian firm CSL Limited (OTC:CSLLY) to more than double the U.S. supply of ...
The influenza vaccine is indicated for active immunization for the prevention of influenza disease caused by influenza virus subtypes A and type B contained in the vaccine. [ 74 ] [ 75 ] [ 76 ] The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends the flu vaccine as the best way to protect people against the flu and prevent its ...
Fever of 102.5–105.0 °F (39.2–40.6 °C), frequent dry cough for several weeks, ‘drippy’ nose with discharge and secondary bacterial infection are some of the clinical signs of Equine influenza virus infection. isolation of influenza virus from nasopharyngeal and or large rise in antibody titer in equine-1 or 2 serum can be used as ...
“Flu vaccines are very safe, and we can look at more than 50 years of flu vaccine history and several hundred million people vaccinated over this time period as evidence,” says Dr. Oller.
Equine influenza can affect horses, donkeys, and mules; [85] it has a very high rate of transmission among horses, and a relatively short incubation time of one to three days. [86] Clinical signs of equine influenza include fever, nasal discharge, have a dry, hacking cough, depression, loss of appetite and weakness. [86]