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Learn about the aerial bombing of Guernica, a Basque town in northern Spain, by the Nazi German Luftwaffe and the Italian Aviazione Legionaria in 1937, during the Spanish Civil War. Find out the background, the military situation, the casualties, the aftermath and the artistic responses to the raid.
Guernica is a town in the Basque Country, Spain, with a rich history and a symbol of Basque culture and democracy. It was bombed by Nazi and Fascist forces in 1937, inspiring Picasso's famous painting, and it is the site of the Tree of Gernika, where ancient assemblies were held.
The assassination of Augusto Unceta Barrenechea was an attack by the Basque separatist group ETA which took place on 8 October 1977 in Guernica in the Basque Country in northern Spain. Three ETA members carrying pistols and submachine guns killed Unceta, the Government appointed President of the Provincial Deputation of Biscay and Mayor of ...
Memorial to George Steer in Guernica, Biscay, Basque Country, Spain. George Lowther Steer (22 November 1909 – 25 December 1944) was a South African-born British journalist, author and war correspondent who reported on wars preceding World War II, especially the Second Italo-Abyssinian War and the Spanish Civil War.
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In 1955, Picasso, Jaqueline and her husband René Dürrbach worked together to create a tapestry version of Picasso's anti-war painting Guernica. [7] [8] [9] They also jointly created a 3.50 x 7.10 metre gouache painting as a study for the Guernica tapestry. [9] In 1957 she created a tapestry of Picasso's Deux Harlequins painting. [7] [10]
The conflict took place mostly on Spanish soil, although to a smaller degree it was also present in France, which was primarily used as a safe haven by ETA members. It was the longest running violent conflict in modern Western Europe. [11] It has been sometimes referred to as "Europe's longest war". [12] The terminology is controversial. [13] "
Steer was one of four foreign journalists in the area and was partially responsible for spreading news of the attack contrary to Franco, who at first denied that the attack had occurred. [3] The book's criticism of Franco Nationalism, particularly the 1937 bombing of Guernica, prevented its publication within Spain.