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The 1867 Canadian federal election was held from August 7 to September 20, 1867, and was the first election of Canada.It was held to elect members representing electoral districts in the provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec to the House of Commons of the 1st Canadian Parliament.
The Constitution Act, 1867 is part of the Constitution of Canada and thus part of the supreme law of Canada. [1] It was the product of extensive negotiations between the provinces of British North America at the Charlottetown Conference in 1864, the Quebec Conference in 1864, and the London Conference in 1866.
In 1867 Canada became the name of the new federal Dominion extending ultimately from the Atlantic to the Pacific and the Arctic coasts. Canada obtained legislative autonomy from the United Kingdom in 1931, and had its constitution (including a new rights charter) patriated in 1982.
As Peter Hogg wrote in Constitutional Law of Canada, some have argued that, since the United Kingdom had some freedom of expression in 1867, the preamble extended this right to Canada even before the enactment of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms in 1982; this was a supposed basis for the Implied Bill of Rights. [3]
This is a list of electoral districts or ridings in Canada for the 1867 Canadian federal election, according to the British North America Act, 1867. New seats were added in 1871, when British Columbia became a province of Canada. Electoral districts are constituencies that elect members of Parliament in Canada's House of Commons every election.
February 16 – John A. Macdonald marries his second wife Susan Agnes Bernard. [2]March 29 – Queen Victoria gives royal assent to the British North America Act, 1867. July 1 – The Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick are united into the Dominion of Canada by the British North America Act.
While Section Three of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms provides that "every citizen of Canada has the right to vote", [15] in practice only those citizens 18 years of age or older who resided in Canada or had been abroad for fewer than five years were eligible to vote in federal elections from 1993 to 2019. [16]
The Constitution Act, 1867 is the constitutional statute which established Canada. Originally named the British North America Act, 1867, the Act continues to be the foundational statute for the Constitution of Canada, although it has been amended many times since 1867. It is now recognised as part of the supreme law of Canada.