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Infections caused by exposure to ionizing radiation can be extremely dangerous, and are of public and government concern. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Numerous studies have demonstrated that the susceptibility of organisms to systemic infection increased following exposure to ionizing radiation. [ 1 ]
Exposure to high doses of radiation causes DNA damage, later creating serious and even lethal chromosomal aberrations if left unrepaired. Ionizing radiation can produce reactive oxygen species, and does directly damage cells by causing localized ionization events. The former is very damaging to DNA, while the latter events create clusters of ...
Ionizing radiation is used in a wide variety of fields such as medicine, nuclear power, research, and industrial manufacturing, but is a health hazard if proper measures against excessive exposure are not taken. Exposure to ionizing radiation causes cell damage to living tissue and organ damage.
Radiobiology (also known as radiation biology, and uncommonly as actinobiology) is a field of clinical and basic medical sciences that involves the study of the effects of ionizing radiation on living things, in particular health effects of radiation. Ionizing radiation is generally harmful and potentially lethal to living things but can have ...
Studies have been performed on the use of shortwave radiation for cancer therapy and promoting wound healing, with some success. However, at a sufficiently high energy level, shortwave energy can be harmful to human health, potentially causing damage to biological tissues, for example by overheating or inducing electrical currents. [ 28 ]
Radiation dermatitis (also known as radiodermatitis) is a skin disease associated with prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation. [ 3 ] : 131–2 Radiation dermatitis occurs to some degree in most patients receiving radiation therapy, with or without chemotherapy.
It is difficult to directly quantify the rates of these secondary cancers from any single cause. Studies have found radiation therapy as the cause of secondary malignancies for only a small minority of patients, [27] [28] e.g., exposure to ionizing radiation is an identified risk factor for subsequent glioma; see main topic Glioma#Causes.
Radiation exposure is a measure of the ionization of air due to ionizing radiation from photons. [1] It is defined as the electric charge freed by such radiation in a specified volume of air divided by the mass of that air. [ 1 ]