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Antigua and Barbuda [c] is a sovereign archipelagic country composed of Antigua, Barbuda, and numerous other small islands. Antigua and Barbuda has a total area of 440 km 2 (170 sq mi), making it one of the smallest countries in the Caribbean .
The first confirmed English settlement in Antigua and Barbuda was established in 1632. [2] In 1674, the first sugar plantation was established in the country. This is when the first African slaves were brought to the country, and soon, the majority of people in Antigua and Barbuda were of African descent. [3]
Turner Beach in Antigua. Antigua (/ æ n ˈ t iː ɡ ə / ann-TEE-gə), [2] also known as Waladli or Wadadli by the local population, is an island in the Lesser Antilles.It is one of the Leeward Islands in the Caribbean region and the most populous island of the country of Antigua and Barbuda.
Antigua and Barbuda has a bicameral legislature and multiple political parties, with universal adult suffrage and elections held every 5 years.The Senate has 17 members appointed by the Governor-General, with 10 being appointed on the advice of the Prime Minister, 4 on the advice of the Leader of the Opposition, one on the advice of the Barbuda Council, one resident of Barbuda on the advice of ...
By 1998 Antigua and Barbuda was not considered a democracy by Freedom House. [36] The 1999 elections were neither free nor fair, and due to this, the Antigua and Barbuda Electoral Commission was established in 2001. [37] [38] State media was liberalised. [39] A small Caribbean integration movement had also emerged in Barbuda.
Antigua and Barbuda is an island nation made up of: Antigua island, which is divided into six parishes; and of the two dependencies of Barbuda island and Redonda island. [a] Although Barbuda and Redonda are called dependencies, they are integral parts of the state, making them essentially administrative divisions. Dependency is simply their title.
During the Ceramic period from 500 BC–1500 AD, Antigua and Barbuda was primarily inhabited by the Arawak. This is the earliest time period in the country's history that a majority ethnic group has been able to be determined. [1]
The history of Antigua and Barbuda from 1981 to 1994 began after Antigua and Barbuda gained independence from the United Kingdom on 1 November 1981. This era cemented the rule of the Bird family in Antigua, and resulted in the Barbudan independence movement being pacified for the next few decades.