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The gateway drug effect (alternatively, stepping-stone theory, escalation hypothesis, or progression hypothesis) is a comprehensive catchphrase for the often observed effect that the use of a psychoactive substance is coupled to an increased probability of the use of further substances.
In Europe as of 2007, Sweden spends the second highest percentage of GDP, after the Netherlands, on drug control. [12] The UNODC argues that when Sweden reduced spending on education and rehabilitation in the 1990s in a context of higher youth unemployment and declining GDP growth, illicit drug use rose [13] but restoring expenditure from 2002 again sharply decreased drug use as student ...
The LaGuardia Committee report was an official scientific report published in 1944 that questioned the prohibition of cannabis in the United States. [1] [2] The report contradicted claims by the U.S. Treasury Department that smoking marijuana deteriorates physical and mental health, assists in criminal behavior and juvenile delinquency, is physically addictive, and is a "gateway" drug to more ...
Rational scale to assess the harm of drugs. Substance abuse prevention, also known as drug abuse prevention, is a process that attempts to prevent the onset of substance use or limit the development of problems associated with using psychoactive substances. Prevention efforts may focus on the individual or their surroundings.
Oregon’s first-in-the-nation experiment with drug decriminalization is coming to an end Sunday, when possessing small amounts of hard drugs will once again become a crime. The Democratic ...
The two main theories, which are not mutually exclusive, are the phenotypic causation (gateway) model and the correlated liabilities model. The causation model argues that smoking is a primary influence on future drug use, while the correlated liabilities model argues that smoking and other drug use are predicated on genetic or environmental ...
Performing enhancing drugs, PEDs, are popular on social media. Our experts break down the effects of testosterone, HGH, tren, Clenbuterol, TRT, and more. Performance Enhancing Drugs: What's Safe ...
The three treaties are complementary and mutually supportive. [1] They serve to maintain a classification system of controlled substances, including psychoactive drugs and plants, and chemical precursors, to ensure the regulated supply of those substances determined to be useful for medical and scientific purposes, and to otherwise prevent production, distribution and use, with some limited ...