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Both the extensor and flexor muscles are involved in the maintenance of a constant tone while at rest. In skeletal muscles, this helps maintain a normal posture. Resting muscle tone varies along a bell-shaped curve. Low tone is perceived as "lax, flabby, floppy, mushy, dead weight" and high tone is perceived as "tight, light, strong".
Spastic hypertonia involves uncontrollable muscle spasms, stiffening or straightening out of muscles, shock-like contractions of all or part of a group of muscles, and abnormal muscle tone. It is seen in disorders such as cerebral palsy, stroke, and spinal cord injury. Rigidity is a severe state of hypertonia where muscle resistance occurs ...
Hypotonia is a state of low muscle tone [1] (the amount of tension or resistance to stretch in a muscle), often involving reduced muscle strength. Hypotonia is not a specific medical disorder, but a potential manifestation of many different diseases and disorders that affect motor nerve control by the brain or muscle strength.
Muscles affected in this way have many other potential features of altered performance in addition to spasticity, including muscle weakness; decreased movement control; clonus (a series of involuntary rapid muscle contractions often symptomatic of muscle over-exertion and/or muscle fatigue); exaggerated deep tendon reflexes; and decreased ...
Muscle paresis or paralysis; Fibrillations; Fasciculations – caused by increased receptor concentration on muscles to compensate for lack of innervation. Hypotonia or atonia – Tone is not velocity dependent. Hyporeflexia - Along with deep reflexes even cutaneous reflexes are also decreased or absent.
Often, hyperkinesia is paired with hypotonia, a decrease in muscle tone. [3] Many hyperkinetic disorders are psychological in nature and are typically prominent in childhood. [ 4 ] Depending on the specific type of hyperkinetic movement, there are different treatment options available to minimize the symptoms, including different medical and ...
Potential risks: Some negative side effects like muscle cramps, facial swelling, and bloating have been reported in relation to medication interactions, as well as for some people with existing ...
Spastic diplegia is a form of cerebral palsy (CP) that is a chronic neuromuscular condition of hypertonia and spasticity in the muscles of the lower extremities of the human body, manifested as an especially high and constant "tightness" or "stiffness", [1] [2] usually in the legs, hips and pelvis. [3]