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Within the financial services sector, the term market counterparty is used to refer to governments, public banks, national monetary authorities and international monetary organisations such as the World Bank Group that act as the ultimate guarantor for loans and indemnities. The term may also be applied, in a more general sense, to companies ...
A central clearing counterparty (CCP), also referred to as a central counterparty, is a financial market infrastructure organization that takes on counterparty credit risk between parties to a transaction and provides clearing and settlement services for trades in foreign exchange, securities, options, and derivative contracts. CCPs are highly ...
Concentration risk is a banking term describing the level of risk in a bank's portfolio arising from concentration to a single counterparty, sector or country.. The risk arises from the observation that more concentrated portfolios are less diverse and therefore the returns on the underlying assets are more correlated.
In the modern banking industry collateral is mostly used in over the counter (OTC) trades. However, collateral management has evolved rapidly in the last 15–20 years with increasing use of new technologies, competitive pressures in the institutional finance industry, and heightened counterparty risk from the wide use of derivatives ...
Offsetting counterparty risk is not always possible, e.g. because of temporary liquidity issues or longer-term systemic reasons. [16] Further, counterparty risk increases due to positively correlated risk factors; accounting for this correlation between portfolio risk factors and counterparty default in risk management methodology is not trivial.
PFE is the "Potential Future Exposure" to the counterparty: per asset class, trade-"add-ons" are aggregated to "hedging sets", with positions allowed to offset based on specified correlation assumptions, thereby reducing net exposure; these are in turn aggregated to counterparty "netting sets"; this aggregated amount is then offset by the ...
One of the results of the financial meltdown of 2008 was that banks will now be required to pass "stress tests," simulations of various difficult financial situations, administered by the Federal ...
A Credit valuation adjustment (CVA), [a] in financial mathematics, is an "adjustment" to a derivative's price, as charged by a bank to a counterparty to compensate it for taking on the credit risk of that counterparty during the life of the transaction. "CVA" can refer more generally to several related concepts, as delineated aside.