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Some classes of regular languages can only be described by deterministic finite automata whose size grows exponentially in the size of the shortest equivalent regular expressions. The standard example here is the languages L k consisting of all strings over the alphabet {a,b} whose kth-from-last letter equals a.
A string in JavaScript is a sequence of characters. In JavaScript, strings can be created directly (as literals) by placing the series of characters between double (") or single (') quotes. Such strings must be written on a single line, but may include escaped newline characters (such as \n).
This is the "regular expression" (or regexp, or regex). Its metacharacters can represent multiple possibilities for a character position or a range of character positions within a page, using metacharacters for truth logic, grouping, counting, and modifying the characters to be found.
Regular Expression Flavor Comparison – Detailed comparison of the most popular regular expression flavors; Regexp Syntax Summary; Online Regular Expression Testing – with support for Java, JavaScript, .Net, PHP, Python and Ruby; Implementing Regular Expressions – series of articles by Russ Cox, author of RE2; Regular Expression Engines
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For example, insource:/".*"/ means the same thing as insource:/\.\*/. The character # is also a metacharacter and must be escaped. [clarification needed] Regex experts should note that \n does not mean "newline," \d does not mean "digit," and so on. Regex experts should note that ^ does not mean "beginning of text" and $ does not mean "end of ...
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re2c uses the following syntax for regular expressions: "foo" case-sensitive string literal 'foo' case-insensitive string literal [a-xyz], [^a-xyz] character class (possibly negated). any character except newline; R \ S difference of character classes; R* zero or more occurrences of R; R+ one or more occurrences of R; R? zero or one occurrence of R