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  2. Lyres of Ur - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyres_of_Ur

    The Lyres of Ur or Harps of Ur is a group of four string instruments excavated in a fragmentary condition at the Royal Cemetery at Ur in Iraq from 1922 onwards. They date back to the Early Dynastic III Period of Mesopotamia , between about 2550 and 2450 BC, making them the world's oldest surviving stringed instruments. [ 1 ]

  3. Bull Headed Lyre of Ur - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bull_Headed_Lyre_of_Ur

    The tips of the bull's horns are also lapis lazuli, making this the only animal-shaped lyre at Ur to have horns tipped in a separate material. [1] The eyes of the bull are shell and lapis lazuli strung with copper wire. [4] In its dimensions, the bull's head is 40 cm long, 25 cm wide, and 19 cm deep. [5]

  4. Royal Cemetery at Ur - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Cemetery_at_Ur

    Yet another lyre incorporated various materials including wood, shell, lapis lazuli, red stone, silver and gold. The lyres found at Ur often included the representation of animals including a cow, stag, bearded bull, and a calf. Of particular note is the Bull-headed lyre from PG 789, also referred to as the "King's Grave".

  5. 3rd millennium BC in music - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3rd_millennium_BC_in_music

    c. 2500 BC - The invention of thin lyres in northern Syria. [7] c. 2500 BC - The invention of thick lyres in Uruk and Susa. [7] c. 2686-2181 BC - The invention of the Sistrum, a musical instrument of the percussion family. [8] c. 2600 BC - The creation of Standard of Ur which includes soundbox of a musical instrument [9] [10]

  6. Music of Mesopotamia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Mesopotamia

    These Lyres of Ur include the "Gold Lyre" (Iraq Museum) [124] [122] and the "Bull Headed Lyre" (Penn Museum). [125] The Gold Lyre of Ur now held in the Iraq Museum is a partial reconstruction; the original was destroyed in the looting that followed the US invasion of Baghdad during the second Iraq War. [126] Musicologist Samuel Dorf details the ...

  7. Lyre - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyre

    The earliest reference to the word "lyre" is the Mycenaean Greek ru-ra-ta-e, meaning "lyrists" and written in the Linear B script. [5] In classical Greek, the word "lyre" could either refer specifically to an amateur instrument, which is a smaller version of the professional cithara and eastern-Aegean barbiton, or "lyre" can refer generally to all three instruments as a family. [6]

  8. Puabi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puabi

    The number of grave goods that Woolley uncovered in Puabi's tomb was staggering. They included a heavy, golden headdress made of golden leaves, rings and plates; a superb lyre (see Lyres of Ur) complete with a golden and lapis lazuli-encrusted bearded bull's head; a profusion of gold tableware; golden, carnelian, and lapis lazuli cylindrical beads used in extravagant necklaces and belts; a ...

  9. Ninigizibara - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninigizibara

    The lyres from the Royal Cemetery at Ur have been identified as a possible example of the balaĝ. [8] The use of this instrument during funerals is well attested. [ 8 ] Balaĝ was also a type of prayers accompanied by music, which later led to the use of the term to refer to another instrument associated with them, a type of kettledrum called ...