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A door closer is a mechanical device that regulates the speed and action of a door’s swing. [1] Manual closers store the force used to open the door in some type of spring and reuse it to close the door. Automatic types use electricity to regulate door swing behavior. Door closers can be linked to a building's fire and security alarm systems. [2]
Some are built on top of a standard door closer. To open the door, the operator forces the closer in the opening direction. Then, the closer closes the door. The user may open the door manually, using just the door closer. In case of power failure while the door is open, the closer itself closes the door. Some are built without a door closer.
The door holders release, allowing the doors to close automatically using door closers. [1] [2] The electric power to keep the doors open is typically 12 VDC, 24 VDC (common), 24 VAC, 120 VAC, or 240 VAC. The closed doors may or may not mechanically latch or lock in the closed position.
The automatic door used a mat actuator. In 1960, they co-founded Horton Automatics Inc and placed the first commercial automatic sliding door on the market. [5] With the invention of the Gunn diode, microwave motion detectors became common in automatic doors in the 1970s. [6] [7] In 1980, the first automatic door using an infrared sensor was ...
Manual door closer. Design of door furniture is an issue to disabled persons who might have difficulty opening or using some kinds of door, and to specialists in interior design as well as those usability professionals which often take their didactic examples from door furniture design and use. [1]
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The principle behind an electromagnetic lock is the use of electromagnetism to lock a door when energized. The holding force should be collinear with the load, and the lock and armature plate should be face-to-face to achieve optimal operation.
These are usually an infrared curtain or beam, but can be a pressure mat fitted on the swing side of the door. The safety sensor prevents the door from colliding with an object by stopping or slowing its motion. A mechanism in modern automatic doors ensures that the door can open in a power failure.