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Reconstruction of a 16th-century Venetian chopine. On display at the Shoe Museum in Lausanne. Calcagnetti (Chopine)- Correr Museum. A chopine is a type of women's platform shoe that was popular in the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries. Chopines were originally used as a patten, clog, or overshoe to protect shoes and dresses from mud and street soil.
Brogan-like shoes, called "brogues" (from Old Irish "bróc" meaning "shoe"), were made and worn in Ireland and Scotland as early as the 16th century, and the shoe type probably originated in Ireland. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They were used by the Scots and the Irish as work boots to wear in the wet, boggy Scottish and Irish countryside. [ 3 ]
Shoes and boots became narrower, followed the contours of the foot, and covered more of the foot, in some cases up to the ankle, than they had previously. As in the first half of the century, shoes were made from soft leather, velvet, or silk. In Spain, Italy, and Germany the slashing of shoes also persisted into the latter half of the century.
The word "brogue" came into English in the late sixteenth century. It comes from the Gaeilge bróg (Irish), Gaelic bròg (Scottish) "shoe", from the Old Norse "brók" meaning "leg covering". [1] [2] The Scots word brogue [7] is also used to denote a bradawl or boring tool as well as the action of piercing with such a tool. [8]
A duckbill, bearpaw or cow's mouth was a style of shoe with a broad toe which was fashionable in the 15th and 16th centuries. This style started with Charles VIII of France, who had an extra toe, and was later worn by Henry VIII of England.
Pattens, also known by other names, are protective overshoes that were worn in Europe from the Middle Ages until the early 20th century. In appearance, they sometimes resembled contemporary clogs or sandals. Pattens were worn outdoors over a normal shoe, had a wooden or later wood and metal sole, and were held in place by leather or cloth bands.
Some turnshoes lack all of these. Turnshoes were eventually made with outsoles sewn onto the rands; then the shoes came to be sewn right-side-out, creating the welted shoe, which displaced turnshoes in the beginning of the 16th century. Since welted shoes did not have to be turned inside-out, they could be made of much thicker leather.
By the reign of James I boots had replaced shoes as the most popular footwear among the upper classes, who often wore them indoors, even with spurs. [3] By the 1620s they resembled the boots worn by the Three Musketeers , with a flared bucket-shaped top and high wooden heels similar to those on cowboy boots .