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In theory, a virtual machine is a "completely isolated guest operating system installation within a normal host operating system", [2] but this isn't always the case in practice. For example, in 2008, a vulnerability ( CVE - 2008-0923 ) in VMware discovered by Core Security Technologies made VM escape possible on VMware Workstation 6.0.2 and 5.5.4.
GPU virtualization refers to technologies that allow the use of a GPU to accelerate graphics or GPGPU applications running on a virtual machine.GPU virtualization is used in various applications such as desktop virtualization, [1] cloud gaming [2] and computational science (e.g. hydrodynamics simulations).
A rootkit may detect the presence of such a difference-based scanner or virtual machine (the latter being commonly used to perform forensic analysis), and adjust its behaviour so that no differences can be detected. Difference-based detection was used by Russinovich's RootkitRevealer tool to find the Sony DRM rootkit. [1]
VM-aware storage has some similarities to and can benefit from software-defined networking, but is distinct in that the latter provides general purpose physical equipment that can be customized and configured in software whereas VM-aware storage is designed for virtual machines.
In computing, virtual machine introspection (VMI) is a technique "for monitoring the runtime state of a system-level virtual machine (VM)", which is helpful for debugging or forensic analysis. [1] [2] The term introspection in application to the virtual machines was introduced by Garfinkel and Rosenblum. [3]
Live migration, also called migration, refers to the process of moving a running virtual machine (VM) or application between different physical machines without disconnecting the client or application. Memory, storage, and network connectivity of the virtual machine are transferred from the original guest machine to the destination.
Hyper-V is a native hypervisor developed by Microsoft; it can create virtual machines on x86-64 systems running Windows. [1] It is included in Pro and Enterprise editions of Windows NT (since Windows 8) as an optional feature to be manually enabled. [2]
Hyperjacking is an attack in which a hacker takes malicious control over the hypervisor that creates the virtual environment within a virtual machine (VM) host. [1] The point of the attack is to target the operating system that is below that of the virtual machines so that the attacker's program can run and the applications on the VMs above it will be completely oblivious to its presence.