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TWISTEX (a backronym for Tactical Weather-Instrumented Sampling in/near Tornadoes Experiment) was a tornado research experiment that was founded and led by Tim Samaras of Bennett, Colorado, US, that ended in the deaths of three researchers in the 2013 El Reno tornado. The experiment announced in 2015 that there were some plans for future ...
Chasing Tornadoes". [7] On June 2, Discovery dedicated Mile Wide Tornado: Oklahoma, a special about the May 20 Moore, Oklahoma, tornado, to the memory of Samaras and his TWISTEX colleagues. [15] Samaras was survived by his wife Kathy, two daughters, a son from a previous relationship, brothers Jim and Jack, and two grandchildren. [1]
The tornado downed many trees on the banks of the Mississippi River, where it lifted at 8:25 p.m. (0125 UTC) just northeast of exit 34 on Interstate 270. The tornado was rated a mid-grade EF3, with winds up to 150 mph (240 km/h). It was on the ground for 35 minutes, traveled 32.5 miles (52.3 km), and had a maximum path width of 1 mile (1.6 km).
As the tornado passed south of El Reno across U.S. 81, it grew to an unprecedented width of 2.6 miles (4.2 km), becoming the widest known tornado ever recorded in the United States. [ b ] [ 9 ] [ 20 ] At 6:28 p.m. CDT (2328 UTC), the storm began moving into more densely populated areas of Canadian County while maintaining its intensity.
The process is repeated. This takes place within 2 miles (3.2 km), or 4 minutes away from the tornado itself. [18] The team had 24 2 metres (6.6 ft) high portable Sticknets, which can be set up at various locations around tornado storm cells to measure wind fields, provide atmospheric readings, and record acoustically the hail and precipitation.
Mobile doppler weather radars have been used on dozens of scientific and academic research projects from their invention in the late 1900s. [1] One problems facing meteorological researchers was the fact that mesonets and other ground-based observation methods were being deployed too slow in order to accurately measure and study high-impact atmospheric phenomena. [1]
Reed later learned that TWISTEX founder Tim Samaras, his son Paul, and storm chasing partner Carl Young, were fatalities of the El Reno tornado. Dominator 2 sustained engine damage during a storm chase and was parked in a storage lot in Norman, where it sat for many years. In 2022, Timmer made plans to get Dominator 2 back on the road.
In late 2023, American meteorologist and tornado expert Thomas P. Grazulis created the Outbreak Intensity Score (OIS) as a way to rank tornado outbreaks. [1] [2] For the score, only significant tornadoes are counted: F2/EF2 tornadoes receive 2 points each, F3/EF3 tornadoes receive 5 points each, F4/EF4 tornadoes receive 10 points each, and F5/EF5 tornadoes receive 15 points each. [1]