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The Rising Sun Flag (Japanese: 旭日 旗, Hepburn: Kyokujitsu-ki) is a Japanese flag that consists of a red disc and sixteen red rays emanating from the disc. [1] Like the Japanese national flag, the Rising Sun Flag symbolizes the Sun. The flag was originally used by feudal warlords in Japan during the Edo period (1603–1868 CE). [2]
Both Hinomaru and the Rising Sun Flag (in background) are depicted. The Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) and the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force use the Rising Sun Flag with eight red rays extending outward, called Hachijō-Kyokujitsuki (八条旭日旗). A gold border is situated partially around the edge. [117]
The most usual form, often called sun in splendour or in his glory, consists of a round disc with the features of a human face surrounded by twelve or sixteen rays alternating wavy and straight. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The alternating straight and wavy rays are often said to represent the light and heat of the sun respectively.
The disk with a ray as a symbol for the Sun in late Classical (4th c.) and medieval Byzantine (11th c.) mss [3] In the Greek and European world, until approximately the 16th century, the astrological symbol for the Sun was a disk with a single ray, (U+1F71A ALCHEMICAL SYMBOL FOR GOLD).
The conventional symbols for the signs of the zodiac also develop in the Renaissance period as simplifications of the classical pictorial representations of the signs.) [citation needed] The modern sun symbol resembles the Egyptian hieroglyph for "sun" – a circle that sometimes had a dot in the center, (U+131F3 ㇳ EGYPTIAN HIEROGLYPH N005).
Khepri, god of the rising Sun, creation and renewal of life; Ptah, god of craftsmanship, the arts, and fertility, sometimes said to represent the Sun at night; Ra, god of the Sun; Sekhmet, goddess of war and of the Sun, sometimes also plagues and creator of the desert; Sopdu, god of war and the scorching heat of the summer Sun
The symbol of the sun rising between hills is present in the name of Akhetaten, the city founded by pharaoh Akhenaten. In the name of Akhenaten, there is the sign of the crested ibis [4] It also appears in the name of the syncretized form of Ra and Horus, Ra-Horakhty (Rꜥ Ḥr Ꜣḫty, "Ra–Horus of the Horizons"). [5]
The use of astronomical symbols for the Sun and Moon dates to antiquity. The forms of the symbols that appear in the original papyrus texts of Greek horoscopes are a circle with one ray for the Sun and a crescent for the Moon. [3] The modern Sun symbol, a circle with a dot (☉), first appeared in Europe in the Renaissance. [3]