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Cryptography was used extensively during World War II because of the importance of radio communication and the ease of radio interception. The nations involved fielded a plethora of code and cipher systems, many of the latter using rotor machines. As a result, the theoretical and practical aspects of cryptanalysis, or codebreaking, were much ...
The British Naval Cypher No. 5 is also known to have been broken by the B-Dienst, as were various low-grade British Naval and Air codes, including COFOX, MEDOX, FOXO, LOXO, SYKO, Air Force code and Aircraft Movement code. The US "Hagelin" M-209 field cipher machine and the French "Anglp" [clarification needed] code were also often read.
This was a naval code used by merchant ships (commonly known as the "maru code"), [22] broken in May 1940. 28 May 1941, when the whale factory ship Nisshin Maru No. 2 (1937) visited San Francisco, U.S. Customs Service Agent George Muller and Commander R. P. McCullough of the U.S. Navy's 12th Naval District (responsible for the area) boarded her ...
Arlington Hall had delayed study of the Army codes until 1942 because of the "high payoff" from diplomatic codes, but were not successful with Army codes until 1943. [ 18 ] The fourteen-part message breaking off negotiations with the United States in December 1941 on the eve of Pearl Harbor was in Purple; and was translated by the Americans in ...
This is a list of convoy codes used by the Allies during World War II There were over 300 convoy routes organized, in all areas of the world; each was designated by a two- or three letter code. List of Allied convoys during World War II by region provides additional information.
This is a list of known World War II era codenames for military operations and missions commonly associated with World War II. As of 2022 [update] this is not a comprehensive list, but most major operations that Axis and Allied combatants engaged in are included, and also operations that involved neutral nation states.
The Kurzsignale code was intended to shorten transmission time to below the time required to get a directional fix. It was not primarily intended to hide signal contents; protection was intended to be achieved by encoding with the Enigma machine. A copy of the Kurzsignale code book was captured from German submarine U-110 on 9 May 1941. In ...
Alan Stripp, worked on Japanese codes (author of Codebreaker in the Far East) Sadie Stuart; Joy Tamblin (Director of the Women's Royal Air Force) Derek Taunt, arrived in Bletchley Park in August 1941, worked in Hut 6 (mathematician, later bursar of Jesus College, Cambridge) Telford Taylor, US Army (Counsel for the Prosecution at the Nuremberg ...