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The presentation of caries is highly variable. However, the risk factors and stages of development are similar. Initially, it may appear as a small chalky area (smooth surface caries), which may eventually develop into a large cavitation. Sometimes caries may be directly visible.
The clinical manifestation of mild dental fluorosis is mostly characterised a snow flaking appearance that lack a clear border, opaque, white spots, narrow white lines following the perikymata or patches as the opacities may coalesce with an intact, hard and smooth enamel surface on most of the teeth. [7]
Back teeth showing fissure system. Dental caries is an upset of the balance between loss and gain of minerals from a tooth surface. [3] The loss of minerals from the teeth occurs from the bacteria within the mouth, fermenting foods and producing acids, whereas the tooth gains minerals from our saliva and fluoride that is present within the mouth. [3]
Organic acids released from dental plaque lead to demineralization of the adjacent tooth surface, and consequently to dental caries. Saliva is also unable to penetrate the build-up of plaque and thus cannot act to neutralize the acid produced by the bacteria and remineralize the tooth surface.
[39] [40] Curettes are mainly used to remove subgingival calculus, smooth root surfaces and to clean out periodontal pockets. [39] [43] Curettes can be divided into two subgroups: universals and area specific instruments. Universal curettes can be used in multiple areas, while area specific instruments are designed for select tooth surfaces. [40]
Class III Caries affecting proximal surfaces of centrals, laterals, and cuspids. Class IV Caries affecting proximal including incisal edges of anterior teeth. Class V Caries affecting gingival 1/3 of facial or lingual surfaces of anterior or posterior teeth. Class VI Caries affecting cusp tips of molars, premolars, and cuspids.
A 1930s poster from the Work Projects Administration promoting oral hygiene. Tooth decay is the most common global disease. [14] Over 80% of cavities occur inside fissures in teeth where brushing cannot reach food left trapped after eating and saliva and fluoride have no access to neutralize acid and remineralize demineralized teeth, unlike easy-to-clean parts of the tooth, where fewer ...
This can lead to a weakened enamel surface that is more porous, thinner, prone to pits and grooves which raises the risk of dental caries and sensitivity. An oral examination is being held and can be observed through the image. Up above is the dental operating microscope where enamel infractions can be observed.