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The Canadian flora is depauperate because of the near total glaciation event in the Pleistocene. Due to the vast area of Canada, a tree that is common in one area may be completely absent in another. In particular, many warm-temperate trees can only be grown on the mild Pacific coast (where gardens may contain additional species not listed here).
Canada's national forest inventory includes many native conifer species. [1] [a] All except the larches are evergreens. [3] Most are in the pine family, except for yews (in the yew family) and junipers, Alaska cedars and thuja cedars (in the cypress family). [4] [5] [6] [b] Softwood from North American conifers has a variety of commercial uses.
Species name Range in Canada Global rank Notes YK NT NU LB CA; BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NF; Callitropsis nootkatensis Nootka cypress YK NT NU LB CA Secure BC AB
Canada's 15 terrestrial ecozones are further subdivided into 53 ecoprovinces, 194 ecoregions, and 1,027 ecodistricts. [13]Canada is characterized by a wide range of both meteorologic and geological regions that are divided into fifteen terrestrial and five marine ecozones, [14] such as the forests of British Columbia and Central Canada, the prairies of Western Canada, the tundra of Northern ...
According to environment Canada the nation of Canada hosts approximately 17,000 identified species of trees, flowers, herbs, ferns, mosses and other flora. [1] About 3,322 species of vascular plants are native to Canada, and about 830 additional non-native species are recorded as established outside cultivation there. [2]
Below is a list of Canadian plants by genus. Due to the vastness of Canada's biodiversity, this page is divided. Many of the plants seen in Canada are introduced by either intentionally or accidentally. N indicated native and X indicated exotic. Those plants whose status is unknown are marked with a ?.
Outside this area, unless spread naturally it is considered non-native, usually as a result of cultivation. Britain and Ireland have few endemic trees, most being micro-species of Whitebeam. But there are some interesting endemic trees nevertheless. Apomictic Whitebeams endemic to the British Isles: Sorbus arranensis – Isle of Arran only.
Fireweed is a native wildflower that grows after forest fires. Despite today's sophisticated and expensive fire-spotting and fire-fighting techniques, forest fires in Canada still burn, on average, about 28,000 km 2 (11,000 sq mi) of boreal and other forest area annually. That average annual burn area is equivalent to more than three times the ...