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Hyperchloremia is an electrolyte disturbance in which there is an elevated level of chloride ions in the blood. [1] The normal serum range for chloride is 96 to 106 mEq/L, [2] therefore chloride levels at or above 110 mEq/L usually indicate kidney dysfunction as it is a regulator of chloride concentration. [3]
Ingestion of ammonium chloride, hydrochloric acid, or other acidifying salts; The treatment and recovery phases of diabetic ketoacidosis; Volume resuscitation with 0.9% normal saline provides a chloride load, so that infusing more than 3–4L can cause acidosis; Hyperalimentation (i.e., total parenteral nutrition)
A chloride ion is a structural component of some proteins; for example, it is present in the amylase enzyme. For these roles, chloride is one of the essential dietary mineral (listed by its element name chlorine). Serum chloride levels are mainly regulated by the kidneys through a variety of transporters that are present along the nephron. [19]
To effectively treat metabolic alkalosis, the underlying cause(s) must be corrected. A trial of intravenous chloride-rich fluid is warranted if there is a high index of suspicion for chloride-responsive metabolic alkalosis caused by loss of gastrointestinal fluid (e.g., due to vomiting). [citation needed]
Chloride is an anion in the human body needed for metabolism (the process of turning food into energy). [1] It also helps keep the body's acid-base balance. The amount of serum chloride is carefully controlled by the kidneys. [2] Chloride ions have important physiological roles.
Methylene chloride is a prime example. The toxic chemical, often used to refinish furniture and bathtubs, has been linked to dozens of deaths since 1980. ... One thing I remember from my high ...
Chloride shift (also known as the Hamburger phenomenon or lineas phenomenon, named after Hartog Jakob Hamburger) is a process which occurs in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO 3 −) and chloride (Cl −) across the membrane of red blood cells (RBCs).
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