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Some boot loaders can also load other boot loaders; for example, GRUB loads BOOTMGR instead of loading Windows directly. Usually a default choice is preselected with a time delay during which a user can press a key to change the choice; after this delay, the default choice is automatically run so normal booting can occur without interaction.
The update caused machines to either enter into a bootloop or boot into recovery mode. [15] [16] Almost immediately, Windows virtual machines on the Microsoft Azure cloud platform began rebooting and crashing, [17] and at 06:48 UTC, Google Compute Engine also reported the problem.
The Primary Bootloader (PBL), which is stored in the Boot ROM [3] is the first stage of the boot process. This code is written by the chipset manufacturer. [4] The PBL verifies the authenticity of the next stage. On Samsung smartphones, the Samsung Secure Boot Key (SSBK) is used by the boot ROM to verify the next stages. [5]
When officially acknowledging the bootloop issues with the G4, LG stated that it was caused by a "loose contact between components"; Android Authority explained that "a loose connection between power supply or memory components could certainly cause a phone to fail to boot up properly, due to a lack of system stability or not being able to access vital memory.
An initramfs-style boot is similar, but not identical to the described initrd boot. At this point, with interrupts enabled, the scheduler can take control of the overall management of the system, to provide pre-emptive multi-tasking, and the init process is left to continue booting the user environment in user space.
Other examples of softmods are maliciously signed firmware, such as custom firmware on the PlayStation 3, which was made possible due to the master key being released, or gaining control of a process that is very early in the boot cycle, such as the Fusée Gelée Boot ROM vulnerability for the Nintendo Switch. This allowed for arbitrary code ...
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Once all the boot and system drivers have been loaded, the kernel starts the session manager (smss.exe), which begins the login process. After the user has successfully logged into the machine, winlogon applies User and Computer Group Policy setting and runs startup programs declared in the Windows Registry and in "Startup" folders.