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  2. Activity-based costing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activity-based_costing

    Direct labour and materials are relatively easy to trace directly to products, but it is more difficult to directly allocate indirect costs to products. Where products use common resources differently, some sort of weighting is needed in the cost allocation process. The cost driver is a factor that creates or drives the cost of the activity ...

  3. Cost allocation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_allocation

    An effective cost allocation methodology enables an organization to identify what services are being provided and what they cost, to allocate costs to business units, and to manage cost recovery. Under this model, both the service provider and its respective consumers become aware of their service requirements and usage and how they directly ...

  4. Cost distance analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_distance_analysis

    The primary data set used in cost distance analysis is the cost raster, sometimes called the cost-of-passage surface, [9] the friction image, [8] the cost-rate field, or cost surface. In most implementations, this is a raster grid , in which the value of each cell represents the cost (i.e., expended resources, such as time, money, or energy) of ...

  5. Process costing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_costing

    Process costing is an accounting methodology that traces and accumulates direct costs, and allocates indirect costs of a manufacturing process. [1] Costs are assigned to products, usually in a large batch, which might include an entire month's production. Eventually, costs have to be allocated to individual units of product.

  6. Cost accounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_accounting

    Cost accounting is defined by the Institute of Management Accountants as "a systematic set of procedures for recording and reporting measurements of the cost of ...

  7. Indirect costs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indirect_costs

    A grant requesting $100k in direct costs with an indirect cost rate of 50%, for example, means that the request will include an additional request for $50k for indirect costs for a total request of $150k, as opposed to a request for $100k of indirect costs for a total request of $200k.

  8. Cost Accounting Standards - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_Accounting_Standards

    Allocation of Business Unit General and Administrative Expenses to Final Cost Objectives 411: Accounting for Acquisition Costs of Material 412: Composition and Measurement of Pension Costs 413: Adjustment and Allocation of Pension Cost 414: Cost of Money as an Element of the Cost of Facilities Capital 415: Accounting for the Cost of Deferred ...

  9. Cost breakdown analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_breakdown_analysis

    The cost breakdown analysis is even more effective when repeated constantly, so that changes in the respective shares in total costs of the various cost drivers can be tracked down. Over a five-year period, the share of expenses for tires might have risen from 5% to 8%, accompanied by a decrease of expenses for personnel from 35% to 32%, which ...

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