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Cologne was an important military target, being a heavily industrialized city with many factories producing war supplies [citation needed] and the city had a large railway network, used for the transportation of troops and weapons. A total of 34,711 long tons of bombs were dropped on Cologne, with the last air raid carried out on 2 March 1945. [2]
A ruined Cologne in 1945. The German city of Cologne was bombed in 262 separate air raids [1] by the Allies during World War II, all by the Royal Air Force (RAF). A total of 34,711 long tons (35,268 t) of bombs were dropped on the city, [2] and 20,000 civilians died during the war in Cologne due to aerial bombardments. [3]
Cologne Cathedral (German: Kölner Dom, pronounced [ˌkœlnɐ ˈdoːm] ⓘ, officially Hohe Domkirche Sankt Petrus, English: Cathedral Church of Saint Peter) is a cathedral in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia belonging to the Catholic Church. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Cologne and of the administration of the Archdiocese of Cologne.
Caption text says "Cologne, the Cathedral in the Background. ... New York Times, June 10, 1923 "Germany Kills Her Golden Goose" Date before 1924 Author Hermann Peters
The Historical Archive of the City of Cologne (German: Historisches Archiv der Stadt Köln, or Kölner Stadtarchiv for short) is the municipal archive of Cologne, Germany. It ranks among the largest communal archives in Europe. A municipal archive has existed in Cologne since the Middle Ages. The oldest inventory of charters in the archive is ...
Map of Cologne, 1633. 1322 Cologne Cathedral choir consecrated. Municipal archive in operation (approximate date). 1334 - Cologne Charterhouse founded. 1388 - University of Cologne established. [1] 1396 - Constitution of Cologne in effect. [citation needed] 1400 - Gothic artist known as "Master of Saint Veronica" active (approximate date). [5 ...
With the exception of St. Maria Lyskirchen all of these churches were very badly damaged during World War II. Reconstruction was only finished in the 1990s. A 13th Romanesque church, St. Maria ad Gradus , which can be seen on a plan from 1571 and in later pictures, had already been demolished in 1817; she stood directly in front of the ...
In October 1794, the city of Cologne was captured and occupied for the next 20 years. This occupation put a definite end to the medieval traditions of the city, and began a strong anti-clerical movement in its place. As a result, the archbishopric in Cologne was ended in 1801, and the Cologne Cathedral was designated as a normal parish church.